Family Planning Term Papers and Essays

1.

The Italian Education System and the Effect on Family Planning

This 8 page paper considers the structure and history of the Italian education system, including the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, and relates the impact of this system on sex education and family planning. This paper assesses the most significant determinants within the education system that influence the personal decision making related to family planning and the views of parents and students. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
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2.

Peru: Sterilization Versus Family Planning

15 pages in length. There have been a number of benefits to come out of mandatory birth control in past history. In China, for example, not only has the nation's birth rate dropped significantly over the past decades, but its per capita income has experienced a monumental augmentation -- from 235 yuan back in the early 1970's to twenty-two hundred in 1995 -- that has yielded its people a much more advantageous existence. For Peru, the issue of overpopulation has come full circle to such an extreme that the nation's family planning organization thought it necessary to force sterilize myriad numbers of unwitting females; in many other cases, however, women were offered as much as fifty pounds of food for their consent. Is this practice one might consider unethical, or is it the only means by which a struggling society can even begin to come to grips with its massive overpopulation problem that family planning cannot control? Bibliography lists 15 sources.
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3.

Ban Against International Family Planning Funds: For and Against

A 5 page paper which presents the pros and cons for the ban set against international family planning funds. The paper argues primarily against the ban. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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4.

Empty Cradles - Population Control in China & India

An 8 page paper that describes and compares the population control policies that have been implemented in China and India over the last half of the 20th century. Included are discussions of the one-child policy that China implemented in 1979 and the 1970s failure of India's family planning program. Comparisons are made in regard to cultures, traditions, and cultures as well as governmental coercion. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
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5.

The Country of Kenya and the Family Structure

This is a 6 page paper discussing the country of Kenya: its economy, politics, education and family structure. Kenya is one of the East African countries which still maintains the traditional African structure of the extended family which not only links families with similar blood lines but also families who have been joined by marriage. Kenya is a country which is plagued by political and economic strife and these factors are no doubt part of the reason Kenyan families have decided to decrease the number of children within their family structure. Although the traditional roles of the Kenyan family show that it appears to be a male dominated society, in actual fact husbands and wives have a high degree of communication and make joint decisions in regards to family situations and family planning. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
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6.

Reproductive Rights as Human Rights

This is an 18 page paper discussing reproductive rights as a human right. Reproductive rights represents a component of human rights as promoted by the international community in regards to the "right to health and family planning; the right to life, freedom, integrity and security; the right not to be assaulted or exploited sexually; the right not to be tortured or to be the object of cruel, inhuman, degrading punishment or treatment; the right not to be subject to sex-based discrimination; the right to privacy; the right to intimacy; and the right to enjoy scientific progress and the right to consent to be an object of experimentation". These basic human rights extend to include reproductive rights in many different areas of concern. Firstly, the international community has promoted the concept of reproductive rights in order to provide education and support for family planning, contraceptive options and safe abortion and health care environment to people who desire these rights and are in need of these rights. These concerns are mainly to address the growing number of women who die on an annual basis from unsupervised or illegal abortions and also to promote contraception use in order to prevent unplanned pregnancies, the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS. Second, on the basis of equal human rights, family planning and reproductive rights extend to both men and women although quite often the focus is on the sexual exploitation of women. Finally, reproductive rights also extend to those who wish to have children and who may also use the human right to use the benefit of scientific progress to do so which includes the use of the reproductive technologies of in-vitro fertilization, donor insemination, and cloning if desired. Because reproductive rights are based on desire and basic human rights for the individual decision in regards to reproduction, population growth arguments do not provide a good basis for conflict as some countries use reproductive rights to control population growth, other countries use reproductive rights to promote population growth. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
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7.

Basis for an Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Rehabilitation Program: 8-Week, Ten-Bed Facility for Homeless, Pregnant Teens with Substance Abuse Problems

This is a 5 page paper discussing the effectiveness of an 8-week rehabilitation program. An 8-week program within a ten-bed facility is evaluated regarding its substance abuse rehabilitation and effectiveness for pregnant, homeless teen clients and is compared with other programs and research. The program addresses health, psychological and social issues in addition to substance abuse and prevention of relapse. As in almost all drug treatment facilities, "three out of four teens in drug treatment drop out of their programs before finishing". Most drug treatment programs are based on a minimum 90-day program, considered the minimum required for the best prevention against relapse, in which case an 8 week program of ~ 60 days may have a slightly higher completion rate, in that the program is not as long, but also a higher relapse rate within the teens after they leave the program. If only 3-4 teens out of 10 complete 90-day programs, a 60-day program may have a completion rate slightly higher in that perhaps 4-5 teens may complete the program. Overall, an 8-week substance abuse rehabilitation program for teens by all accounts seems to be too short to have any long term effect providing that the teens even complete the program. In addition, the teens in this program were pregnant and homeless. In most cases then, the program would not even cover the time of the pregnancy which would release these teens back out on the street in the same basic state in which they entered the program. The program should be at least as long as the pregnancy and an additional six months within the program would prove even more beneficial. In this time, the teen could acquire more contact with community social and medical care facilities and programs in additional to learning valuable medical care, family planning and care of the child if she desires to keep the infant. In addition, because a child is involved, the social and community services need to be involved from the onset in regards to the social planning while the facility can focus on the substance abuse factors and programming for the teen. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
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